——Izinkinga Ezivamile Zebhethri
Isizathu sokuqhekeka okufana nenethiwekhi ebusweni bemodyuli ukuthi amaseli angaphansi kwamandla angaphandle ngesikhathi sokushisela noma ukuphatha, noma amaseli avele avele emazingeni okushisa aphezulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngaphandle kokushisa, okuholela ekuqhekekeni.Ukuqhekeka kwenethiwekhi kuzothinta ukuncishiswa kwamandla kwemodyuli, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi eside, imfucumfucu nezindawo ezishisayo zizothinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza kwemodyuli.
Izinkinga zekhwalithi zokuqhekeka kwenethiwekhi ebusweni beseli zidinga ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngesandla ukuze kutholakale.Uma sekuvela imifantu yenethiwekhi engaphezulu, izovela ngezinga elikhulu eminyakeni emithathu noma emine.Ukuqhekeka kwama-reticular kwakunzima ukukubona ngeso lenyama eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala.Manje, izithombe ezishisayo zivame ukuthathwa ngama-drones, futhi ukulinganisa kwe-EL kwezingxenye ezinezindawo ezishisayo kuzoveza ukuthi imifantu isivele yenzekile.
Ama-sliver amaseli ngokuvamile abangelwa ukusebenza okungalungile ngesikhathi sokushisela, ukuphatha okungalungile ngabasebenzi, noma ukwehluleka kwe-laminator.Ukwehluleka kancane kwezisiliva, ukuncishiswa kwamandla noma ukwehluleka okuphelele kweseli eyodwa kuzothinta ukuncishiswa kwamandla emojuli.
Amafekthri amaningi amamojula manje anamamojula anamandla aphezulu, futhi ngokuvamile, izinga lokuphuka lamamojula anqunywe uhhafu liphezulu.Njengamanje, izinkampani ezinhlanu ezinkulu nezine ezincane zidinga ukuthi imifantu enjalo ingavunyelwe, futhi zizohlola ingxenye ye-EL kuzixhumanisi ezihlukahlukene.Okokuqala, hlola isithombe se-EL ngemuva kokulethwa kusuka embonini yemojula kuya kusayithi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi akukho mifantu efihliwe ngesikhathi sokulethwa nokuthuthwa kwefektri yemojula;okwesibili, linganisa i-EL ngemva kokufakwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi akukho mifantu efihliwe phakathi nenqubo yokufaka ubunjiniyela.
Ngokuvamile, amangqamuzana asezingeni eliphansi axubene abe izingxenye zebanga eliphezulu (ukuxuba izinto ezingavuthiwe/ukuxuba izinto enqubweni), okungase kuthinte kalula amandla ezinto eziphelele, futhi amandla ezingxenye azobola kakhulu esikhathini esifushane isikhathi.Izindawo zama-chip ezingasebenzi kahle zingakha izindawo ezishisayo futhi zishise izingxenye.
Ngenxa yokuthi imboni yamamojula ngokuvamile ihlukanisa amaseli abe amaseli ayi-100 noma angu-200 njengezinga lamandla, awenzi ukuhlola amandla kuseli ngalinye, kodwa ukuhlola amabala, okuzoholela ezinkingeni ezinjalo emgqeni wokuhlanganisa othomathikhi wamaseli asezingeni eliphansi..Njengamanje, iphrofayili ehlanganisiwe yamaseli ngokuvamile ingahlulelwa nge-imaging ye-infrared, kodwa ukuthi isithombe se-infrared sibangelwa iphrofayili exubile, ukuqhekeka okufihliwe noma ezinye izici ezivimbelayo kudinga ukuhlaziywa kwe-EL okuqhubekayo.
Imisebe yombani ngokuvamile ibangelwa ukuqhekeka kweshidi lebhethri, noma umphumela wesenzo esihlanganisiwe sokunamathisela isiliva kwe-electrode, i-EVA, umhwamuko wamanzi, umoya, nokukhanya kwelanga.Ukungafani phakathi kwe-EVA nokunamathisela okusiliva kanye nokungena kwamanzi okuphezulu kweshidi elingemuva nakho kungabangela ukugeleza kombani.Ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngephethini yombani kuyanda, futhi ukunwetshwa okushisayo nokunciphisa kuholela ekuqhekekeni kweshidi lebhethri, okungase kubangele kalula izindawo ezishisayo kumojula, kusheshise ukubola kwemoduli, futhi kuthinte ukusebenza kukagesi kwemojula.Izimo zangempela zibonise ukuthi ngisho nalapho isiteshi sikagesi singakhanyi, imisebe eminingi yombani ivela ezingxenyeni ngemva kweminyaka engu-4 yokuchayeka elangeni.Nakuba iphutha emandleni okuhlola lincane kakhulu, isithombe se-EL sisazoba sibi kakhulu.
Kunezizathu eziningi eziholela ku-PID nezindawo ezishisayo, njengokuvinjwa kwezinto zangaphandle, ukuqhekeka okufihliwe kumaseli, ukukhubazeka kwamaseli, nokugqwala okukhulu kanye nokuwohloka kwamamojula we-photovoltaic okubangelwa izindlela zokumisa i-photovoltaic inverter arrays ekushiseni okuphezulu nasezindaweni ezinomswakama zingase. bangela izindawo ezishisayo kanye ne-PID..Eminyakeni yakamuva, ngokuguqulwa nokuqhubeka kobuchwepheshe bemojuli yebhethri, into ye-PID ibiyivelakancane, kodwa iziteshi zikagesi eminyakeni yokuqala azikwazanga ukuqinisekisa ukungabikho kwe-PID.Ukulungiswa kwe-PID kudinga ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwezobuchwepheshe, hhayi kuphela ezingxenyeni ngokwazo, kodwa futhi kusukela ohlangothini lwe-inverter.
- I-Solder Ribbon, Amabha Ebhasi kanye ne-Flux Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Uma izinga lokushisa le-solder liphansi kakhulu noma i-flux isetshenziswa kancane kakhulu noma ijubane lishesha kakhulu, kuzoholela ekuthengiseni okungamanga, kanti uma izinga lokushisa le-solder liphakeme kakhulu noma isikhathi sokudayiswa siside kakhulu, kuzodala ukudayiswa ngokweqile. .Ukudayiswa okungamanga nokuthengiswa ngokweqile kwenzeka kaningi ezingxenyeni ezikhiqizwe phakathi kuka-2010 no-2015, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi phakathi nalesi sikhathi, imishini yokukhiqiza yaseShayina yaqala ukushintsha isuka ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe yaya endaweni, kanye nezinqubo zezinqubo zamabhizinisi ngaleso sikhathi. kwehliswe Okunye, okuholela ezingxenyeni ezisezingeni eliphansi ezikhiqizwe ngaleso sikhathi.
Ukushisela okunganele kuzoholela ekudambisweni kweribhoni neseli ngesikhathi esifushane, okuthinta ukuncipha kwamandla noma ukwehluleka kwemojula;i-over-soldering izodala umonakalo kuma-electrode angaphakathi weseli, okuthinta ngokuqondile ukuncishiswa kwamandla kwemodyuli, ukunciphisa impilo yemodyuli noma kubangela u-scrap.
Amamojula akhiqizwa ngaphambi kuka-2015 ngokuvamile anendawo enkulu ye-ribbon offset, okuvame ukubangelwa ukuma okungavamile komshini wokushisela.I-offset izonciphisa ukuthintana phakathi kweribhoni nendawo yebhethri, i-delamination noma ithinte ukuncipha kwamandla.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, ubulukhuni bokugoba beribhoni buphezulu kakhulu, okuzokwenza ukuthi ishidi lebhethri ligobe ngemva kokushisela, okuholela ezicucu ze-chip yebhethri.Manje, ngokwanda kwemigqa yegridi yeseli, ububanzi beribhoni buya ngokuya buba buncane, obudinga ukunemba okuphezulu komshini wokushisela, futhi ukuchezuka kweribhoni kuyancipha.
Indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwebha yebhasi kanye ne-solder strip incane noma ukumelana nokunyuka kwe-soldering okubonakalayo nokushisa kungenzeka kubangele ukuthi izingxenye zishise.Izingxenye zincishiswa kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane, futhi zizoshiswa ngemuva kokusebenza isikhathi eside futhi ekugcineni ziholele ekulalweni.Njengamanje, ayikho indlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela lolu hlobo lwenkinga ekuqaleni, ngoba azikho izindlela ezisebenzayo zokulinganisa ukumelana phakathi kwebha yebhasi kanye ne-soldering strip ekupheleni kwesicelo.Izingxenye ezishintshwayo kufanele zisuswe kuphela lapho kubonakala izindawo ezishile.
Uma umshini wokushisela ulungisa inani lomjovo we-flux kakhulu noma abasebenzi besebenzisa ukuguquguquka okukhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza kabusha, kuzodala ukuphuzi emaphethelweni omugqa wegridi oyinhloko, okuzothinta i-EVA delamination endaweni yomugqa wegridi oyinhloko. ingxenye.Iphethini yombani amachashazi amnyama azovela ngemva kokusebenza isikhathi eside, okuthinta izingxenye.Ukubola kwamandla, ukunciphisa impilo yengxenye noma ukubangela ukuchithwa.
——EVA/I-Backplane Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Izizathu ze-EVA delamination zihlanganisa izinga elingafanele lokuxhumanisa i-EVA, indaba yangaphandle engaphezulu kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezifana ne-EVA, ingilazi, neshidi elingemuva, kanye nokwakheka okungalingani kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-EVA (njenge-ethylene ne-vinyl acetate) ezingakwazi. zincibilike emazingeni okushisa ajwayelekile.Uma indawo ye-delamination incane, izothinta ukwehluleka kwamandla aphezulu wemodyuli, futhi lapho indawo ye-delamination inkulu, izoholela ngokuqondile ekuhlulekeni nasekulahlekeni kwe-module.Uma i-EVA delamination seyenzekile, ayilungiseki.
I-EVA delamination ibilokhu ijwayelekile ezingxenyeni eminyakeni embalwa edlule.Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko, amanye amabhizinisi anedigri yokuxhumanisa i-EVA enganele, futhi ukushuba kwehlile kusuka ku-0.5mm kuya ku-0.3, 0.2mm.Phansi.
Isizathu esijwayelekile samabhamuza e-EVA siwukuthi isikhathi sokuhlanza se-laminator sifushane kakhulu, izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu noma liphakeme kakhulu, futhi kuzovela amabhamuza, noma ingaphakathi alihlanzekile futhi kukhona izinto zangaphandle.Amabhamuza omoya ayingxenye azothinta ukuchithwa kwendiza yasemuva ye-EVA, okuzoholela ekulahlekeni.Lolu hlobo lwenkinga luvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwezingxenye, futhi lungalungiswa uma kuyindawo encane.
Ukuphuzi kwemichilo yokufakwa kwe-EVA ngokuvamile kuvame ukubangelwa ukuchayeka emoyeni isikhathi eside, noma i-EVA ingcoliswe ukugeleza, utshwala, njll., noma kubangelwa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali lapho isetshenziswa ne-EVA evela kubakhiqizi abahlukene.Okokuqala, ukubukeka kabi akwamukeleki ngamakhasimende, futhi okwesibili, kungase kubangele i-delamination, okuholela ekuphileni okufushane kwengxenye.
——Izimpendulo zengilazi, i-silicone, amaphrofayili
Ukuchithwa kongqimba lwefilimu ebusweni bengilazi eboshwe akunakuhlehliswa.Inqubo yokumboza efektri yamamojula ngokuvamile ingakhuphula amandla emojula ngo-3%, kodwa ngemva kweminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu yokusebenza esiteshini samandla, ungqimba lwefilimu endaweni yengilazi luzotholakala luwa, futhi luzowa. ivaliwe ngokungalingani, okuzothinta ukudluliswa kwengilazi yemodyuli, ukunciphisa amandla emojula, futhi kuthinte sonke isikwele Ukuqhuma kwamandla.Lolu hlobo lokunciphisa ngokuvamile kunzima ukulubona eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokusebenza kwesiteshi sikagesi, ngoba iphutha lezinga lokuncipha kanye nokuguquguquka kwemisebe alilikhulu, kodwa uma liqhathaniswa nesiteshi samandla ngaphandle kokususwa kwefilimu, umehluko emandleni. isizukulwane sisabonakala.
Amabhamuza e-Silicone abangelwa ikakhulukazi amabhamuza omoya kumpahla yasekuqaleni ye-silicone noma umfutho womoya ongazinzile wesibhamu somoya.Isizathu esiyinhloko salezi zikhala ukuthi indlela yabasebenzi yokunamathisela iglue ayijwayelekile.I-Silicone iyingqimba yefilimu yokunamathisela phakathi kohlaka lwemodyuli, i-backplane nengilazi, ehlukanisa i-backplane emoyeni.Uma uphawu lungaqinile, imojula izoncishiswa ngokuqondile, futhi amanzi emvula azongena lapho lina.Uma i-insulation inganele, ukuvuza kuzokwenzeka.
Ukuguqulwa kwephrofayili yefreyimu yemojuli nakho kuyinkinga evamile, ngokuvamile ebangelwa amandla ephrofayili angafanelekile.Amandla wezinto zohlaka lwe-aluminium alloy ayancipha, okubangela ngokuqondile ukuthi uhlaka lwephaneli ye-photovoltaic luwe noma kudabuke lapho kuvela umoya onamandla.Ukuguqulwa kwephrofayili ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokushintshwa kwe-phalanx phakathi noshintsho lobuchwepheshe.Isibonelo, inkinga ekhonjiswe esithombeni esingezansi yenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa nokuhlakazwa kwezingxenye kusetshenziswa izimbobo ezifakwayo, futhi ukufakwa kuzohluleka ngesikhathi sokufakwa kabusha, futhi ukuqhubeka kwesisekelo akukwazi ukufinyelela inani elifanayo.
——Ibhokisi Lokuhlanganisa Izinkinga Ezivamile
Isigameko somlilo ebhokisini lokuhlangana siphezulu kakhulu.Izizathu zihlanganisa ukuthi intambo yomthofu ayiboshiwe ngokuqinile esikhaleni sekhadi, futhi intambo eholayo kanye nejoyinti le-junction box solder mancane kakhulu ukuthi angabanga umlilo ngenxa yokumelana kakhulu, futhi ucingo lomthofu lude kakhulu ukuthi lungathintana nezingxenye zepulasitiki. ibhokisi lokuhlangana.Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ekushiseni kungase kubangele umlilo, njll. Uma ibhokisi lokuhlangana libamba umlilo, izingxenye zizolahlwa ngokuqondile, okungase kubangele umlilo omkhulu.
Manje ngokuvamile amamojula anengilazi ephindwe kabili enamandla amakhulu azohlukaniswa abe amabhokisi amathathu okuhlangana, azoba ngcono.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhokisi le-junction liphinde lihlukaniswe libe yi-semi-enclosed futhi livalwe ngokugcwele.Ezinye zazo zingalungiswa ngemva kokushiswa, kanti ezinye azikwazi ukulungiswa.
Enqubweni yokusebenza nokugcinwa, kuzophinde kube nezinkinga zokugcwalisa iglue ebhokisini lokuhlangana.Uma ukukhiqizwa kungeyona into engathi sína, i-glue izovuza, futhi indlela yokusebenza yabasebenzi ayilingani noma ayimbi kangako, okuzodala ukuvuza kwe-welding.Uma ingalungile, khona-ke kunzima ukuyelapha.Ungase uvule ibhokisi lokuhlangana ngemva konyaka owodwa wokusetshenziswa futhi uthole ukuthi ingcina A ihwamukile, futhi ukuvala uphawu akwanele.Uma ingekho iglue, izongena emanzini emvula noma umswakama, okuzokwenza ukuthi izingxenye ezixhunyiwe zibambe umlilo.Uma uxhumano lungeluhle, ukumelana kuzokwanda, futhi izingxenye zizoshiswa ngenxa yokushisa.
Ukuphuka kwezintambo ezisebhokisini lokuhlangana kanye nokuwa kwekhanda le-MC4 nakho kuyizinkinga ezivamile.Ngokuvamile, izintambo azibekwa endaweni eshiwo, okuholela ekuchosheni noma ukuxhumeka komshini kwekhanda le-MC4 kungaqini.Izintambo ezilimele zizoholela ekuhlulekeni kwamandla ezingxenyeni noma ezingozini eziyingozi zokuvuza nokuxhumeka kukagesi., Ukuxhumeka okungamanga kwekhanda le-MC4 kuzobangela kalula ukuthi ikhebula libambe umlilo.Lolu hlobo lwenkinga kulula ukululungisa nokulushintsha ensimini.
Ukulungiswa kwezingxenye nezinhlelo zesikhathi esizayo
Phakathi kwezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zezingxenye ezibalwe ngenhla, ezinye zingalungiswa.Ukulungiswa kwezingxenye kungaxazulula ngokushesha iphutha, kunciphise ukulahleka kokukhiqizwa kwamandla, futhi kusebenzise ngokuphumelelayo izinto zokuqala.Phakathi kwazo, ukulungiswa okulula okufana namabhokisi okuhlangana, izixhumi ze-MC4, ijeli ye-silica yengilazi, njll. kungenziwa esizeni esiteshini samandla, futhi njengoba bengebaningi abasebenzi abasebenza kanye nokugcinwa esiteshini samandla, umthamo wokukhanda awukho. ezinkulu, kodwa kufanele babe nekhono futhi baqonde ukusebenza, njengokushintsha izintambo Uma i-backplane iklwejwa phakathi nenqubo yokusika, i-backplane idinga ukushintshwa, futhi konke ukulungiswa kuzoba nzima kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, izinkinga zamabhethri, amaribhoni, kanye nezindiza ezingemuva ze-EVA azikwazi ukulungiswa esizeni, ngoba zidinga ukulungiswa ezingeni lefekthri ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwemvelo, inqubo, kanye nemishini.Ngenxa yokuthi iningi lenqubo yokulungisa idinga ukulungiswa endaweni ehlanzekile, ifreyimu kufanele isuswe, inqamule i-backplane futhi ifudunyezwe ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze kunqunywe amangqamuzana anenkinga, futhi ekugcineni ithengiselwe futhi ibuyiselwe, engabonakala kuphela indawo yokusebenzela yasefekthri.
Isiteshi sokulungisa ingxenye engumahambanendlwana singumbono wokulungiswa kwengxenye yesikhathi esizayo.Ngokuthuthukiswa kwamandla wengxenye nobuchwepheshe, izinkinga zezingxenye zamandla aphezulu zizoncipha esikhathini esizayo, kodwa izinkinga zezingxenye eminyakeni yokuqala zivela kancane kancane.
Njengamanje, izinhlangano ezikwaziyo ukusebenza nokunakekela noma abangcwabi bazohlinzeka ngochwepheshe bokusebenza nokunakekela ukuqeqeshwa kwekhono lokuguqula ubuchwepheshe.Eziteshini ezinkulu zamandla omhlaba, ngokuvamile kunezindawo zokusebenza kanye nezindawo zokuhlala, ezingahlinzeka ngezindawo zokulungisa, ngokuyisisekelo zifakwe encane Umshini wokucindezela wanele, ongaphakathi kokufinyeleleka kwabasebenzisi abaningi nabanikazi.Khona-ke, esigabeni sakamuva, izingxenye ezinezinkinga ngenani elincane lamaseli azisashintshwa ngokuqondile futhi zibekwe eceleni, kodwa zinezisebenzi ezikhethekile zokuzilungisa, okufinyeleleka ezindaweni lapho izitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic zigxila kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-21-2022