Ukubuyekezwa Komhlaba Wonke Amandla Avuselelekayo 2020

Ukuphendula izimo ezingavamile ezibangelwa ubhubhane lwe-coronavirus, Ukubuyekezwa kwaminyaka yonke kwe-IEA Global Energy andise ukufakwa kwayo ukuze kufake phakathi ukuhlaziywa kwesikhathi sangempela kwentuthuko kuze kube manje ngo-2020 kanye nezinkomba ezingase zibe khona unyaka wonke.

Ngaphezu kokubuyekeza idatha ka-2019 yokukhishwa kwamandla kanye ne-CO2 ngophethiloli nangezwe, kulesi sigaba Sokubuyekeza Amandla Omhlaba Wonke siye salandelela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ezweni kanye nophethiloli ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule futhi kwezinye izimo - njengogesi - ngesikhathi sangempela.Okunye ukulandelela kuzoqhubeka masonto onke.

Ukungaqiniseki okuzungeze impilo yomphakathi, umnotho kanye namandla okusebenza phakathi nonyaka ka-2020 akukaze kwenzeke.Ngakho-ke lokhu kuhlaziya akubonisi nje kuphela indlela engase isetshenziswe amandla kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngo-2020 kodwa futhi kugqamisa izici eziningi ezingaholela emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene.Sithola izifundo ezibalulekile zokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nale nkinga eyake yaba khona ekhulwini leminyaka.

Ubhubhane lwamanje lwe-Covid-19 lungaphezu kwayo yonke inkinga yezempilo yomhlaba wonke.Kusukela mhla zingama-28 kuMbasa, kube namacala aqinisekisiwe ayizigidi ezi-3 nokufa kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-200 000 ngenxa yokugula.Njengomphumela wemizamo yokunciphisa ukusabalala kwaleli gciwane, isabelo sokusetshenziswa kwamandla esivezwe ezindleleni zokuqukethwe sisuka ku-5% maphakathi noMashi saya ku-50% maphakathi no-Ephreli.Amazwe amaningana ase-Europe kanye ne-United States amemezele ukuthi alindele ukuvula kabusha izingxenye zomnotho ngoMeyi, ngakho-ke u-April kungenzeka kube yinyanga enzima kakhulu.

Ngaphandle komthelela osheshayo kwezempilo, le nkinga yamanje inemithelela emikhulu emnothweni womhlaba, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2.Ukuhlaziywa kwethu kwedatha yansuku zonke kuze kube maphakathi no-Ephreli kukhombisa ukuthi amazwe avaleleke ngokugcwele ahlangabezana nokwehla kwesilinganiso esingu-25% sesidingo samandla ngesonto kanti amazwe avaleleke kancane ngokwehla ngo-18%.Idatha yansuku zonke eqoqwe emazweni angama-30 kuze kube umhla ziyi-14 kuMbasa, emele ngaphezu kwezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zesidingo samandla emhlabeni wonke, ikhombisa ukuthi ukudangala kwesidingo kuncike esikhathini kanye nokuqina kokuvalwa kwezindawo.

Isidingo samandla emhlabeni wonke sehle ngo-3.8% kwikota yokuqala ka-2020, ngomthelela omningi owazwakala ngoMashi njengoba kwaphoqelelwa izindlela zokuvalela e-Europe, eNyakatho Melika nakwezinye izindawo.

• Ukufunwa kwamalahle emhlabeni wonke kuhlaselwe kakhulu, kwehle cishe ngamaphesenti angu-8 uma kuqhathaniswa nekota yokuqala ka-2019. Izizathu ezintathu zihlangane ukuchaza lokhu kwehla.I-China - umnotho osekelwe ngamalahle - kwakuyizwe elihlaselwe kakhulu yi-Covid-19 kwikota yokuqala;igesi eshibhile kanye nokukhula okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezivuselelekayo kwezinye izindawo kwabekela inselele amalahle;kanye nesimo sezulu esipholile siphinde sisebenzise amalahle.
• Isidingo sikawoyela siphinde sashayeka kakhulu, sehle cishe ngamaphesenti amahlanu kwikota yokuqala, ikakhulukazi ngokuncipha kokuhamba nokundiza, okuhlanganisa cishe u-60% wesidingo sikawoyela emhlabeni wonke.Ekupheleni kukaNdasa, umsebenzi wezokuthutha emgwaqeni emhlabeni wonke wawucishe ube ngama-50% ngaphansi kwesilinganiso sika-2019 kanye nezokundiza ngama-60% ngaphansi.
• Umthelela walolu bhubhane ekudingeni kwegesi ubuphakathi, cishe u-2%, njengoba umnotho osuselwa kugesi awuthintekanga kakhulu kwikota yokuqala ka-2020.
• Okuvuselelekayo kube ukuphela komthombo othumele ukukhula kwesidingo, okuqhutshwa umthamo omkhulu ofakiwe kanye nokuthunyelwa okubalulekile.
• Isidingo sikagesi sehliswe kakhulu ngenxa yezinyathelo zokuvala umnyango, okunemiphumela ephazamisayo ekuxubeni kwamandla.Isidingo sikagesi sidangele ngo-20% noma ngaphezulu ngezikhathi zokuvalwa ngokuphelele emazweni amaningana, njengoba ukuphakama kwesidingo sokuhlala kudlula kude ukuncishiswa kokusebenza kwezentengiselwano nezimboni.Kwaphela amasonto, isimo sesidingo sifana nesoSonto ende.Ukwehliswa kwezidingo kukhuphule isabelo sezinto ezivuselelwayo ekuphakeleni kukagesi, njengoba ugesi uphumayo awuthintwa kakhulu isidingo.Isidingo sehlile sayo yonke eminye imithombo kagesi, okuhlanganisa amalahle, igesi namandla enuzi.

Uma sibheka unyaka ogcwele, sihlola isimo esilinganisa umthelela wamandla wokuwohloka komnotho okusakazekile emhlabeni wonke okubangelwa imikhawulo yezinyanga ezihambayo kanye nemisebenzi yezenhlalo nezomnotho.Kulesi simo, ukubuyiselwa ekujuleni kokuwohloka komnotho we-lockdown kwenzeka kancane kancane futhi kuhambisana nokulahlekelwa okukhulu unomphela emsebenzini wezomnotho, naphezu kwemizamo yenqubomgomo yomnotho omkhulu.

Umphumela walesi simo ukuthi inkontileka yesidingo samandla ifinyelela ku-6%, enkulu kunazo zonke eminyakeni engama-70 ngokwemibandela yamaphesenti futhi enkulu kunazo zonke ezake zenziwa ngokwemibandela ephelele.Umthelela we-Covid-19 ekudingeni amandla ngo-2020 ungaba mkhulu ngokuphindwe kasikhombisa kunomthelela wenkinga yezimali ka-2008 ekudingeni amandla emhlabeni jikelele.

Wonke amafutha azothinteka:

• Isidingo sikawoyela singehla ngo-9%, noma 9 mb/d ngokwesilinganiso unyaka wonke, ukubuyisela ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela kumazinga ka-2012.
• Isidingo samalahle singehla ngo-8%, ingxenye enkulu ngoba isidingo sikagesi sizokwehla cishe ngo-5% phakathi nonyaka.Ukutholwa kabusha kwesidingo samalahle embonini nokuphehlwa kukagesi e-China kungase kunciphise ukwehla okukhulu kwenye indawo.
• Isidingo segesi singehla kakhulu unyaka wonke kunasekota yokuqala, ngokuncipha kwesidingo samandla kanye nezicelo zemboni.
• Isidingo samandla enuzi sizokwehla ngenxa yesidingo esiphansi sikagesi.
• Isidingo sezinto ezivuselelekayo kulindeleke ukuthi senyuke ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza kanye nokufinyelela okukhethekile kumasistimu amaningi kagesi.Ukukhula kwakamuva komthamo, amanye amaphrojekthi amasha afika ku-inthanethi ngo-2020, nawo azothuthukisa umphumela.

Esilinganisweni sethu sika-2020, isidingo sikagesi emhlabeni wonke sehla ngo-5%, ngokuncipha ngo-10% kwezinye izifunda.Imithombo enekhabhoni ephansi izosidlula kude isizukulwane esibaswa ngamalahle emhlabeni wonke, inwebe ukuhola okusungulwe ngo-2019.

Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 yomhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi kwehle ngo-8%, noma cishe ngo-2.6 gigatonnes (Gt), ukuya kumazinga weminyaka eyi-10 edlule.Ukwehliswa okunjalo konyaka nonyaka kungaba okukhulu kunakho konke, okuphindwe kasithupha ukwehliswa kwerekhodi langaphambilini lika-0.4 Gt ngo-2009 - okubangelwe yinkinga yezimali yomhlaba wonke - futhi kuphindwe kabili kunesamba esihlanganisiwe sakho konke ukuncipha kwangaphambilini kusukela ekupheleni. weMpi Yezwe II.Njengasemuva kwezinkinga zangaphambilini, nokho, ukuphindaphindeka kokukhishwa kwegesi kungase kube kukhulu kunokwehla, ngaphandle uma igagasi lokutshalwa kwezimali ukuze kuqalwe kabusha umnotho linikezelwe engqalasizinda yamandla ehlanzekile futhi eqinile.