Ama-inverters e-solar ahlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Engxenyeni yokuqala yalolu chungechunge, umagazini we-pv ubuyekezeisikhathi sokuphila esikhiqizayo samaphaneli elanga, eziqinile impela. Kule ngxenye, sihlola ama-inverter ahlala elanga ngezindlela zawo ezihlukahlukene, ukuthi ahlala isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi aqine kangakanani.

I-inverter, idivayisi eguqula amandla e-DC akhiqizwa amaphaneli elanga abe amandla e-AC asebenzisekayo, ingafika ngokucushwa okumbalwa okuhlukile.

Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-inverter ezinhlelweni zokuhlala zingama-inverter ezintambo nama-microinverters. Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, iziguquli zezintambo zifakelwe i-module-level power electronics (MLPE) ebizwa ngokuthi izilungiseleli ze-DC. Ama-Microinverters nama-DC optimizers ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa uphahla olunezimo ze-shading noma i-sub-optimal orientation (hhayi ebheke eningizimu).

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho uphahla lune-azimuth ekhethwayo (i-orientation elangeni) kanye nezindaba ezincane ezingenayo shading, inverter yezintambo ingaba yisixazululo esihle.

Ama-inverter ezintambo ngokuvamile eza nezintambo ezenziwe lula kanye nendawo emaphakathi ukuze ilungiswe kalula ngochwepheshe belanga.Imvamisa zibiza kancane,kusho iSolar Reviews. Ama-inverters ngokuvamile angabiza u-10-20% wesamba sokufakwa kwephaneli yelanga, ngakho ukukhetha okulungile kubalulekile.

Zihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ngenkathi amaphaneli elanga angahlala iminyaka engama-25 kuye kwengama-30 noma ngaphezulu, ama-inverter ngokuvamile anokuphila okufushane, ngenxa yezingxenye zokuguga ngokushesha. Umthombo ovamile wokwehluleka kuma-inverters ukugqokwa kwe-electro-mechanical ku-capacitor ku-inverter. Ama-electrolyte capacitor anesikhathi esifushane sokuphila kanye nobudala ngokushesha kunezingxenye ezomile,kusho iSolar Harmonics.

I-EnergySage yathiukuthi i-inverter yeyunithi yendawo yokuhlala ejwayelekile izohlala cishe iminyaka eyi-10-15, futhi ngaleyo ndlela izodinga ukushintshwa ngesikhathi esithile phakathi nokuphila kwamaphaneli.

Iziguquli zezintambongokuvamile babeamawaranti ajwayelekile asukela eminyakeni emi-5-10, amaningi anenketho yokunwebeka aye eminyakeni engama-20. Ezinye izinkontileka zelanga zihlanganisa ukugcinwa kwamahhala nokuqapha ngokusebenzisa isikhathi senkontileka, ngakho kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlola lokhu lapho ukhetha ama-inverters.

Ama-Microinverters anempilo ende, i-EnergySage ithe ingahlala iminyaka engama-25, cishe inqobo nje uma ozakwabo bephaneli. I-Roth Capital Partners ithe oxhumana nabo bemboni ngokuvamile babika ukwehluleka kwe-microinverter ngenani eliphansi kakhulu kunama-inverter ezintambo, nakuba izindleko zangaphambili ngokuvamile ziphakeme kancane kuma-microinverter.

Ama-Microinverters ngokuvamile anewaranti evamile yeminyaka engama-20 kuye kwengama-25. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi nakuba ama-microinverters anewaranti ende, asewubuchwepheshe obusha kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi edlule noma ngaphezulu, futhi kusazobonakala ukuthi imishini izofeza yini isithembiso sayo seminyaka engu-20+.

Okufanayo kuya kuma-DC optimizers, avame ukubhangqwa nesiguquli sentambo esimaphakathi. Lezi zingxenye zenzelwe ukuhlala iminyaka engu-20-25 futhi zinewaranti yokufanisa leso sikhathi.

Ngokuqondene nabahlinzeki be-inverter, amabhrendi ambalwa aphethe isabelo semakethe esiphezulu. E-United States, Enphase umholi wemakethe wama-microinverters, kuyilapho i-SolarEdge ihola kuma-inverters ezintambo. U-Tesla ubelokhu enza amagagasi endaweni yokuhlala ye-inverter yezintambo, ethatha isabelo semakethe, nakuba kusazobonakala ukuthi ukungena kwemakethe kaTesla kuzoba nomthelela ongakanani, kusho inothi lemboni evela ku-Roth Capital Partners.

(Funda: “Izifaki zelanga zase-US ziklelisa ama-Qcell, i-Enphase njengemikhiqizo ephezulu“)

Ukwehluleka

Ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-kWh Analytics luthole ukuthi u-80% wokuhluleka kwe-solar array kwenzeka ezingeni le-inverter. Ziningi izimbangela zalokhu.

Ngokusho kweFallon Solutions, imbangela eyodwa amaphutha egridi. I-voltage ephezulu noma ephansi ngenxa yephutha legridi ingabangela i-inverter ukuthi iyeke ukusebenza, futhi ama-circuit breaker noma ama-fuse angacushwa ukuze kuvikelwe i-inverter ekuhlulekeni kwe-voltage ephezulu.

Kwesinye isikhathi ukwehluleka kungenzeka ezingeni le-MLPE, lapho izingxenye zezilungiseleli zamandla zivezwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ophahleni. Uma kwenzeka ukukhiqizwa okuncishisiwe, kungaba iphutha ku-MLPE.

Ukufakwa kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela efanele futhi. Njengomthetho wesithupha, u-Fallon uncome ukuthi umthamo wephaneli yelanga kufanele ufike ku-133% womthamo we-inverter. Uma amaphaneli engafani kahle ne-inverter yosayizi olungile, ngeke asebenze kahle.

Isondlo

Ukugcina i-inverter isebenza kahle isikhathi eside, kunjalokunconyiweukufaka idivayisi endaweni epholile, eyomile enomoya omningi ozungezayo. Abafaki kufanele bagweme izindawo ezinokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, nakuba izinhlobo ezithile zama-inverter angaphandle aklanyelwe ukumelana nokukhanya kwelanga okungaphezu kwamanye. Futhi, ekufakweni kwe-multi-inverter, kubalulekile ukuqiniseka ukuthi kukhona imvume efanele phakathi kwesiguquli ngasinye, ukuze kungabikho ukudluliswa kokushisa phakathi kweziguquli.

Kuwumkhuba ongcono kakhulu ukuhlola ingaphandle le-inverter (uma ifinyeleleka) njalo ngekota, uqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izimpawu ezibonakalayo zomonakalo, futhi wonke ama-vents nama-fins okupholisa akunakungcola nothuli.

Kuyatuswa futhi ukuhlela ukuhlolwa ngesifakeli selanga esinelayisensi njalo eminyakeni emihlanu. Ukuhlola kuvame ukubiza u-$200-$300, nakuba ezinye izinkontileka zelanga zinokulungiswa kwamahhala nokuqapha iminyaka engu-20-25. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, umhloli kufanele ahlole ngaphakathi kwesiguquli ukuze abone izimpawu zokugqwala, umonakalo, noma izinambuzane.