Nakuba amaphaneli elanga ejwayele ukubonakala emadolobheni amakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, sekukonke kusazoba nengxoxo eyanele mayelana nokuthi ukwethulwa kwe-solar kuzoba nomthelela kanjani empilweni nasekusebenzeni kwamadolobha.Akumangazi ukuthi kunjalo.Phela, amandla elanga abonwa njengobuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile nobuluhlaza (uma kuqhathaniswa) okulula ukubufaka, ukunakekela, nokwenza lokho ngendlela eyonga kakhulu.Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwe-solar akunazo izinselele.
Kulabo abafisa ukubona ukusetshenziswa okwandisiwe kobuchwepheshe belanga ukuya phambili, ukuqonda okwengeziwe kokuthi ukwethulwa kwabo ekufakweni kwedolobha kungazuzisa kanjani i-ecosystem yendawo kubalulekile, kanye nokunaka noma yiziphi izinselele ezikhona kule ndawo.Kulokhu, u-John H. Armstrong, u-Andy J. Kulikowski II, no-Stacy M. Philpottesanda kushicilelwa “Amandla avuselelekayo asemadolobheni kanye ne-ecosystems: ukuhlanganisa izitshalo nemitha yelanga ebekwe phansi kukhulisa ukuchichima kwe-arthropod yamaqembu abalulekile asebenzayo.”,kujenali yamazwe ngamazwe ye-Urban Ecosystems.Lo mbhali ukujabulele kakhulu ukuxhumana nayeJohn H. Armstrong
kwinhlolokhono emayelana nalolu shicilelo kanye nemiphumela yalo.
Siyabonga ngesikhathi sakho, John.Ungakwazi ukusho okuncane mayelana nesizinda sakho kanye nentshisekelo yakho kulo mkhakha?
Ngingumsizi kaProfesa Wezifundo Zemvelo e-Seattle University.Ngicwaninga ngokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu nokwenza izinqubomgomo zokusimama, ngigxile kakhulu emadolobheni nabanye ohulumeni basekhaya.Ucwaningo lwezinhlanga ezahlukene lubalulekile ekubhekaneni nezinselele eziya ngokuya ziba nzima, futhi ngijabule ukwenza lolu cwaningo nababhali engikanye nabo ukuze siphenye imithelela ye-ecosystem yokuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo emadolobheni okuqhutshwa ngokwengxenye yizinqubomgomo zesimo sezulu.
Ungakwazi ukunikeza abafundi bethu isifinyezo "sesithombeni" socwaningo lwakho?
Ucwaningo, olushicilelwe kuI-Urban Ecosystems, ingeyokuqala ukubuka amandla elanga abekwe phansi emadolobheni kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.Sigxile kuma-canopies okupaka elanga kanye nama-arthropods, asebenza indima ebalulekile ku-ecosystem yasemadolobheni, sibheka imithelela yendawo yokuhlala kanye namathuba okulondoloza okungenzeka.Kusukela kumasayithi ocwaningo ayisishiyagalombili e-San Jose nase-Santa Cruz, e-California, sithole ukuthi ukuhlanganisa uhlaza nama-canopies elanga bekuzuzisa, okwandisa inala nokunotha kwama-arthropods abalulekile emvelweni.Kafushane,ama-solar canopies angaba yinnqoba-win yokunciphisa isimo sezulu kanye nokusebenza kwe-ecosystem, ikakhulukazi uma ehlanganiswe nezimila.
Ungakwazi yini ukuchaza kabanzi ngokuzungezile ukuthi kungani kukhethwe izici ezithile zakhona, isb. kungani kukhethwe irediyasi engu-2km ezindaweni zocwaningo eziyisishiyagalombili ezivezwe kulolu cwaningo?
Sihlole izinhlobonhlobo zezindawo zokuhlala kanye nesimo sezwe njengebanga lezimila eziseduze, inani lezimbali, kanye nezici zekhava yezwe elizungezile elingafika kumakhilomitha angu-2.Sifake lezi nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ngokusekelwe kulokho ezinye izifundo-njengalezo ezibheka izingadi zomphakathi-ezitholile zingaba abashayeli ababalulekile bemiphakathi ye-arthropod.
Kunoma ubani osazokwazisa ngokugcwele ukuguquguquka kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye nesimiso semvelo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ucabanga ukuthi yini ebalulekile ukuze baqonde ukubaluleka kwakho?
Ukonga izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni kubalulekile ekuhlinzekeni ngezinsiza eziningi ze-ecosystem njengokuhlanza umoya.Ukwengeza, amadolobha amaningi asezindaweni ezicebile ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezibalulekile ezilwaneni ezisengozini yokushabalala.Njengoba amadolobha eya ngokuya ehola ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu, amaningi abheke ukuthuthukisa amandla elanga abekwe phansi ezindaweni zokupaka, amasimu, amapaki nezinye izindawo ezivulekile.
Amandla avuselelekayo asemadolobheni angaba neqhaza elibalulekile ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, kodwa kubalulekile futhi ukucubungulisisa imithelela yemvelo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.Uma intuthuko ingena emapaki nakwezinye izindawo zemvelo, kuzoba namuphi umphumela?Lolu cwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amandla elanga abekwe phansi ezindaweni zokupaka angasiza emvelweni, ikakhulukazi uma uhlaza lufakwe ngaphansi kwama-canopies elanga.Ekugcineni, imiphumela yemvelo yamandla avuselelekayo asemadolobheni kufanele icatshangelwe futhi kubhekwe namathuba ezinzuzo ezihambisanayo ezinjengalezi.
Yiziphi izambulo lolu cwaningo oluphethe ezikumangazile?
Kungimangazile ukuchichima nokuhlukahluka kwama-arthropods ngaphansi kwama-canopies okupaka elanga, nokuthi uhlaza luba nomthelela ongakanani kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izici zezwe.
Ngokuvamile, yini ocabanga ukuthi abaholi bomphakathi abasazoyiqonda ngokugcwele noma babone imfuno yokongiwa kwemvelo emadolobheni ethu mayelana nalolu cwaningo?
Ngokuvamile, ukubaluleka kokuhlukahluka kwemvelo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni akubonwa.Njengoba amadolobha anda futhi abantu abaningi behlala emadolobheni, ukongiwa kwemvelo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kufanele kuhlanganiswe kukho konke ukuhlelwa kwamadolobha.Ezimweni eziningi, kungaba khona amathuba okuhlomula ngokubambisana.
Ngaphandle kweziphetho zalo eziyinhloko, yiziphi ezinye izici lolu cwaningo olunganikeza kuzo izinzuzo ekwakheni ukuqonda kwethu?
Lolu cwaningo luhlanganisa ukunqanda ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokongiwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, okubonisa ukuthi akhona amathuba okuxhumanisa ukwenziwa kwenqubomgomo yesimo sezulu, ukuthuthukiswa komnotho wendawo, nokongiwa kwemvelo.Ngokufanayo, amadolobha kufanele alwele ukuphishekela imigomo eminingi yentuthuko esimeme kanyekanye futhi afune izinzuzo ngokubambisana.Ngethemba, lolu cwaningo luzogqugquzela ukucatshangelwa kokuphatha okwengeziwe kanye nocwaningo emiphumeleni ye-ecosystem kanye namathuba okongiwa kokuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo emadolobheni.
Ekugcineni, ikusasa layo eliqondwayo alinembile kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokupaka kulolu cwaningo kuphakamisa umbuzo ophathelene nekusasa lamadolobha njengoba uphathelene nezimoto ezizishayelayo, ukukhuphuka komsebenzi ovela esimweni sasekhaya (sibonga ngokwengxenye ye-coronavirus ), kanye no-Co. Uluzwa ngaziphi izindlela ushintsho endleleni esisebenzisa ngayo indawo njengezindawo zokupaka esikhathini esizayo ngenxa yalezi zici ezishiwo ngenhla ezingaba nomthelela efa nasekusetshenzisweni kwalolu cwaningo?
Amadolobha agcwele izindawo ezinkulu ezingakwazi ukungena, ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa nemiphumela emibi yemvelo.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izindawo zokupaka, izitobhi zamabhasi, amaplaza, noma okufanayo, lezo zindawo zingase zibe izindawo ezinhle zokucatshangelwa ngokwakha ama-solar abekwe phansi, futhi kungase kube nezinzuzo ngokuhlanganisa uhlaza.
Uma kukhulunywa ngekusasa lamadolobha, noma yikuphi ukuqonda okusha okuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwethu kokuthi singawuhlanganisa kanjani ngempumelelo nangokuvumelana i-solar kufanele inconywe, futhi ngethemba ukuthi isetshenziswa abahleli bedolobha ukuya phambili.Njengoba sifuna ukubona amadolobha esikhathi esizayo ahlanzekile, aluhlaza, futhi enala ngamaphaneli elanga kuzo zonke imigwaqo, izakhiwo eziphakeme, izithuthi zomphakathi, nezinye izingqalasizinda.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-21-2021