Ngokuvamile, sihlukanisa amasistimu e-photovoltaic sibe amasistimu azimele, amasistimu axhunywe kugridi kanye nezinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe.Uma ngokusho kwefomu lesicelo sohlelo lwe-solar photovoltaic, isikali sohlelo lokusebenza kanye nohlobo lomthwalo, uhlelo lokunikezwa kwamandla we-photovoltaic lungahlukaniswa ngokuningiliziwe.Amasistimu we-Photovoltaic angabuye ahlukaniswe abe yizinhlobo eziyisithupha ezilandelayo: uhlelo oluncane lwamandla elanga (SmallDC);uhlelo olulula lwe-DC (SimpleDC);uhlelo olukhulu lwamandla elanga (LargeDC);Isistimu kagesi ye-AC ne-DC (AC/DC);uhlelo oluxhunywe kugridi (UtilityGridConnect);IHybrid power supply system (Hybrid);Isistimu ye-hybrid exhunywe kwigridi.Isimiso sokusebenza nezici zesistimu ngayinye zichazwe ngezansi.
1. Isistimu yamandla elanga elincane (SmallDC)
Isici salolu hlelo ukuthi kunomthwalo we-DC kuphela ohlelweni futhi amandla okulayisha mancane.Lonke uhlelo lunesakhiwo esilula nokusebenza okulula.Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko amasistimu asekhaya ajwayelekile, imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-DC yabantu kanye nemishini yokuzijabulisa ehlobene.Isibonelo, lolu hlobo lwesistimu ye-photovoltaic lusetshenziswa kabanzi esifundeni esisentshonalanga yezwe lami, futhi umthwalo yisibani se-DC sokuxazulula inkinga yokukhanyisa ekhaya ezindaweni ezingenawo ugesi.
2. Uhlelo olulula lwe-DC (SimpleDC)
Isici sesistimu ukuthi umthwalo ohlelweni ungumthwalo we-DC futhi asikho isidingo esikhethekile sesikhathi sokusetshenziswa komthwalo.Umthwalo usetshenziswa kakhulu phakathi nosuku, ngakho-ke alikho ibhethri noma isilawuli ohlelweni.Uhlelo lunesakhiwo esilula futhi singasetshenziswa ngokuqondile.Izingxenye ze-Photovoltaic zinikeza amandla kumthwalo, ziqeda isidingo sokugcinwa kwamandla nokukhululwa kubhethri, kanye nokulahlekelwa amandla kusilawuli, nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla.
3 Isistimu yamandla elanga amakhulu (LargeDC)
Uma kuqhathaniswa nalezi zinhlelo ezimbili ezingenhla ze-photovoltaic, lolu hlelo lwe-photovoltaic lusafaneleka kuzinhlelo zokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi e-DC, kodwa lolu hlobo lwesistimu ye-solar photovoltaic ngokuvamile lunamandla amakhulu omthwalo.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umthwalo unganikezwa ngokuthembekile ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile, isistimu yayo ehambisanayo Isilinganiso sibuye sikhulu, sidinga i-module ye-photovoltaic enkulu kanye nephakethe lebhethri elikhulu lelanga.Amafomu ayo okufaka isicelo avamile ahlanganisa ukuxhumana, i-telemetry, ukuphakelwa kwamandla kagesi, ukunikezwa kukagesi okumaphakathi ezindaweni zasemakhaya, amabhakhoni, amalambu omgwaqo, njll. 4 AC, DC, isistimu yokuphakelwa kukagesi (AC/DC)
Ngokungafani nezinhlelo ezintathu ezingenhla ze-solar photovoltaic, lolu hlelo lwe-photovoltaic lunganikeza amandla kokubili kwemithwalo ye-DC ne-AC ngesikhathi esisodwa.Ngokwesakhiwo sohlelo, inama-inverter amaningi kunalezi zinhlelo ezintathu ezingenhla zokuguqula amandla e-DC abe amandla e-AC.Isidingo somthwalo we-AC.Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla omthwalo walolu hlobo lwesistimu kukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke isikali sesistimu sikhulu kakhulu.Isetshenziswa kwezinye iziteshi eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana nazo zombili imithwalo ye-AC ne-DC kanye nezinye izitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic ezinemithwalo ye-AC ne-DC.
5 isistimu exhunywe kugridi (UtilityGridConnect)
Isici esikhulu kunazo zonke salolu hlobo lwesistimu ye-solar photovoltaic ukuthi amandla e-DC akhiqizwa i-photovoltaic array aguqulwa abe amandla e-AC ahlangabezana nezidingo zegridi yamandla amakhulu nge-inverter exhunywe kugridi, bese exhunywe ngokuqondile kunethiwekhi yamapayipi.Kusistimu exhunywe kugridi, amandla akhiqizwa i-PV array awanikezwa kuphela i-AC Ngaphandle komthwalo, amandla engeziwe abuyiselwa kugridi.Ezinsukwini zemvula noma ebusuku, lapho i-photovoltaic array ingakhiqizi ugesi noma ugesi owenziwe awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo somthwalo, uzonikezwa amandla yigridi.
6 IHybrid power supply system (IHybrid)
Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa amamojula we-solar photovoltaic module, lolu hlobo lwesistimu ye-solar photovoltaic luphinde lusebenzise ama-generator e-diesel njengomthombo wamandla oyisipele.Inhloso yokusebenzisa uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukagesi oluxubile ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene bokuphehla ugesi nokugwema ukushiyeka kwazo.Isibonelo, izinzuzo zezinhlelo ezizimele ze-photovoltaic ezibalulwe ngenhla zinokugcinwa okuncane, kodwa okubi ukuthi ukuphuma kwamandla kuncike esimweni sezulu futhi akuzinzile.Uma kuqhathaniswa nesistimu eyodwa yokuzimela yamandla, isistimu yokuphakelwa kwamandla eyingxube esebenzisa amajeneretha edizili nama-photovoltaic arrays anganikeza amandla angancikile esimweni sezulu.Izinzuzo zayo yilezi:
1. Ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu yokuphakelwa kukagesi eyingxube kungazuza futhi ukusetshenziswa okungcono kwamandla avuselelekayo.
2. Inokusebenziseka kwesistimu okuphezulu.
3. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesistimu yejeneretha yedizili esetshenziswa kanye nje, inokulungiswa okuncane futhi isebenzisa uphethiloli omncane.
4. Ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli.
5. Ukuguquguquka okungcono kokufanisa umthwalo.
Isistimu ye-hybrid inamaphutha ayo:
1. Ukulawula kuyinkimbinkimbi.
2. Iphrojekthi yokuqala inkulu kakhulu.
3. Idinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kunohlelo oluzimele.
4. Ukungcola nomsindo.
7. Uhlelo lokuphakela amandla oluxubile oluxhumeke kwigridi (IHybrid)
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-solar optoelectronics, kube nohlelo lokuphakelwa kukagesi oyingxubevange oluxhunywe kugridi olungasebenzisa ngokugcwele amamojula we-solar photovoltaic module, amapayipi amakhulu kanye nemishini kawoyela.Lolu hlobo lwesistimu luvame ukuhlanganiswa nesilawuli kanye ne-inverter, kusetshenziswa i-chip yekhompiyutha ukulawula ngokugcwele ukusebenza kwalo lonke uhlelo, kusetshenziswa ngokuphelele imithombo yamandla ehlukahlukene ukuze kuzuzwe isimo esihle sokusebenza, futhi ingasebenzisa nebhethri ukuthuthukisa Izinga lesiqinisekiso sokunikezwa kwamandla komthwalo wesistimu , Njengesistimu yokuguqula i-SMD ye-AES.Uhlelo lunganikeza amandla afanelekile emithwalo yasendaweni futhi lungasebenza njenge-UPS eku-inthanethi (ukunikezwa kwamandla okungaphazamiseki).Ingase futhi inikeze amandla kugridi noma ithole amandla kugridi.
Imodi yokusebenza yesistimu ivame ukusebenza ngokuhambisana namapayipi amakhulu namandla elanga.Ngemithwalo yendawo, uma amandla kagesi akhiqizwa imodyuli ye-photovoltaic anele umthwalo, uzosebenzisa ngokuqondile amandla kagesi akhiqizwa imodyuli ye-photovoltaic ukuze anikeze isidingo somthwalo.Uma amandla akhiqizwa imodyuli ye-photovoltaic idlula isidingo somthwalo osheshayo, amandla angaphezu kwamandla angabuyiselwa kugridi;uma amandla akhiqizwe imojula ye-photovoltaic enganele, amandla okusebenza azosebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, futhi amandla okusebenza azosetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngesidingo somthwalo wendawo.Lapho ukusetshenziswa kwamandla komthwalo kungaphansi kuka-60% womthamo we-mains olinganiselwe we-inverter ye-SMD, amapayipi amakhulu azoshaja ibhethri ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhethri isesimweni sokuntanta isikhathi eside;uma amapayipi amakhulu ehluleka, amandla amakhulu ehluleka noma amandla amakhulu Uma ikhwalithi ingafaneleki, uhlelo luzonqamula ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla amakhulu futhi lushintshele kumodi yokusebenza ezimele.Ibhethri ne-inverter kunikeza amandla e-AC adingwa umthwalo.
Uma amandla kagesi ebuyela kokujwayelekile, okungukuthi, i-voltage kanye nemvamisa kubuyiselwa esimweni esivamile esishiwo ngenhla, isistimu izonqamula ibhethri futhi ishintshele ekusebenzeni kwemodi exhunywe kugridi, enikwa amandla amapayipi amakhulu.Kwamanye amasistimu okunikezwa kwamandla ayingxube axhunywe kugridi, ukuqapha kwesistimu, ukulawula kanye nemisebenzi yokutholwa kwedatha kungabuye kuhlanganiswe ku-chip yokulawula.Izingxenye eziyinhloko zalesi simiso isilawuli kanye ne-inverter.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-26-2021