Amandla elanga angumthombo wamandla amaningi kakhulu eMhlabeni.Ingabanjwa futhi isetshenziswe ngezindlela ezimbalwa, futhi njengomthombo wamandla avuselelekayo, iyingxenye ebalulekile yekusasa lethu lamandla ahlanzekile.

Ayini amandla elanga?Okuthathwayo okubalulekile

• Amandla elanga avela elangeni futhi angabanjwa ngobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi amaphaneli elanga
• I-“photovoltaic effect” yindlela amaphaneli elanga e-silicon asebenzisa ngayo amandla elanga futhi akhiqize ugesi.
• Ingabe ufuna ukusizakala amandla elanga ngokwakho?Joyina i-EnergySage Marketplace ukuze uqhathanise izingcaphuno zelanga zendawo yakho

Amandla elanga: kuyini futhi asebenza kanjani?

Ilanga lenza okungaphezu kweplanethi yethu kunokumane lisikhanyisele emini - ingxenyana ngayinye yokukhanya kwelanga (ebizwa ngokuthi i-photon) efika eMhlabeni iqukethe amandla aphehla iplanethi yethu.Amandla elanga angumthombo omkhulu obhekele zonke izinhlelo zethu zesimo sezulu kanye nemithombo yamandla eMhlabeni, futhi imisebe yelanga eyanele ifika endaweni yeplanethi ihora ngalinye ukuze igcwalise izidingo zethu zamandla emhlabeni wonke cishe unyaka wonke.

Avelaphi wonke la mandla?Ilanga lethu, njenganoma iyiphi inkanyezi emthaleni, lifana nesikhumulo senuzi esikhulukazi.Ekujuleni kwe-Sun, ukuhlangana kwe-nuclear fusion kukhiqiza amandla amakhulu aphuma ngaphandle esuka ebusweni beLanga futhi aye emkhathini ngendlela yokukhanya nokushisa.

Amandla elanga angahlanganiswa futhi aguqulelwe kumandla asebenzisekayo kusetshenziswa ama-photovoltaics noma abaqoqi be-solar thermal.Nakuba amandla elanga enza kuphela inani elincane lokusetshenziswa kwamandla omhlaba jikelele, ukwehla kwezindleko zokufaka amaphaneli elanga kusho ukuthi abantu abaningi ezindaweni eziningi bangasebenzisa amandla elanga.Ilanga liwumthombo wamandla ahlanzekile, avuselelekayo, kanye nezibalo ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekusaseni lamandla omhlaba.

Ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ukuze kusetshenziswe amandla

Ziningi izindlela zokusebenzisa amandla avela elangeni.Izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa amandla avela elangeni ama-photovoltaics kanye nokubamba ukushisa kwelanga.Ama-Photovoltaics avame kakhulu kumaphrojekthi kagesi wezinga elincane (njengokufakwa kwamaphaneli elanga yokuhlala), futhi ukuthwebula okushisayo kwelanga kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kukagesi esikalini esikhulu ekufakweni kwe-solar.Ngaphezu kokukhiqiza ugesi, ukuhlukahluka okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa kwamaphrojekthi we-solar thermal kungasetshenziselwa ukushisa nokupholisa.

I-Solar ingenye yemithombo yamandla ekhula ngokushesha futhi eshibhe kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi izoqhubeka nokusabalala ngokushesha eminyakeni ezayo.Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bephaneli yelanga unyaka ngamunye, izinzuzo zezomnotho ze-solar ziyathuthuka, zengeze ezintweni ezizungezile zokukhetha umthombo wamandla ohlanzekile, ovuselelekayo.

Amandla elanga e-Photovoltaic

Indlela evamile yokuthi abanikazi bezakhiwo basebenzise amandla elanga ngesistimu yelanga ye-photovoltaic (PV).Ngesistimu ye-solar PV, amaphaneli elanga aguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi ongasetshenziswa ngokushesha, ogcinwe ebhethrini lelanga, noma uthunyelwe kugridi kagesi ukuze uthole amakhredithi kusikweletu sakho sikagesi.

Amaphaneli elanga aguqula amandla elanga abe ugesi osebenzisekayo ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi umphumela we-photovoltaic.Ukukhanya kwelanga okungenayo kushaya okubalulekile kwe-semiconductor (imvamisa okuyi-silicon) futhi kudedele ama-electron, kuwenza anyakaze futhi akhiqize amandla kagesi angabanjwa ngezintambo.Lesi sakamuva saziwa njengogesi wamanje (DC) futhi kufanele siguqulelwe kugesi oshintshashintshayo (AC) kusetshenziswa i-solar inverter.Lokhu kuguqulwa kuyadingeka ngoba igridi kagesi yase-US isebenza kusetshenziswa ugesi we-AC, njengoba kwenza izinto eziningi zikagesi zasendlini.

Amandla elanga angabanjwa ezikalini eziningi kusetshenziswa ama-photovoltaics, futhi ukufaka amaphaneli elanga kuyindlela ehlakaniphile yokonga imali kubhili yakho kagesi kuyilapho unciphisa ukuncika kwakho emafutheni angavuseleleki ezinto ezimbiwa phansi.Izinkampani ezinkulu kanye nezinsiza zikagesi nazo zingazuza ekukhiqizeni amandla elanga e-photovoltaic ngokufaka ama-solar array amakhulu anganika amandla ukusebenza kwenkampani noma anikeze amandla kugridi kagesi.

I-solar eshisayo

Indlela yesibili yokusebenzisa amandla elanga ukubamba ukushisa okuvela emisebeni yelanga ngokuqondile futhi usebenzise lokho kushisa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.Amandla okushisa elanga anokusetshenziswa okubanzi kunohlelo lwe-photovoltaic, kodwa ukusebenzisa amandla ashisayo elanga ukukhiqiza ugesi ezikalini ezincane akulula njengokusebenzisa ama-photovoltaics.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezijwayelekile zamandla okushisa elanga asetshenziswayo: izinga lokushisa eliphansi, elisetshenziselwa ukufudumeza nokupholisa;izinga lokushisa eliphakathi, elisetshenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi;kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, elisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amandla kagesi.

Amazinga okushisa aphansi ezinhlelo zamandla ashisayo elanga ahlanganisa ukushisa nokupholisa umoya njengendlela yokulawula isimo sezulu.Isibonelo salolu hlobo lokusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga sisekuklanyweni kwesakhiwo selanga esingenzi lutho.Ezindaweni ezakhelwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga angenzi lutho, imisebe yelanga ivunyelwa endaweni yokuhlala ukuze ifudumale indawo futhi ivinjwe lapho indawo idinga ukupholiswa.

Isistimu yamandla ashisayo elanga aphakathi nendawo ihlanganisa amasistimu okushisa ashisayo elanga.Ekusethweni kwamanzi ashisayo elanga, ukushisa okuvela elangeni kuthathwa ngabaqoqi ophahleni lwakho.Lokhu kushisa bese kudluliselwa emanzini ahamba ngamapayipi endlu yakho ukuze unganciki ezindleleni ezivamile zokushisisa amanzi, njengezifudumezi zamanzi ezisebenza ngowoyela noma igesi.

Amasistimu wamandla okushisa elanga asezingeni eliphezulu asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ugesi ngezinga elikhulu.Embonini kagesi oshisayo welanga, izibuko zigxilisa imisebe yelanga kumashubhu aqukethe uketshezi olungabamba kahle amandla okushisa.Lolu ketshezi olushisayo lungasetshenziswa-ke ukuguqula amanzi abe isitimu, esingase sikwazi ukuphendula umshini ophehla ugesi futhi sikhiqize ugesi.Lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi amandla elanga agxilile.

Sebenzisa ngokunenzuzo amandla elanga endaweni yakho

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthi abanikazi bezakhiwo ngabanye bonge imali ngamandla elanga ukufaka isistimu ye-photovoltaic yasekhaya yelanga.Ukuze uthole isistimu elungile ngentengo efanele, kufanele uthenge ku-EnergySage Solar Marketplace.Ngemva kokubhalisa, uzothola izingcaphuno zamahhala zesola ezivela kubafaki belanga abaqeqeshiwe, abahlolwe ngaphambilini eduze nawe.Ukubheka izingcaphuno ekusetheni kwethu ama-apula ukuya kuma-apula kuyindlela enhle yokuqonda okunikezwayo nokuqhathanisa amamethrikhi angukhiye afana nezidingo zamandla ezihlangatshezwana nezindleko kanye nezindleko nge-watt ngayinye.